Language is indicated by a two digit code composed of a letter and a number. The letter indicates which language is spoken. the number indicates the dialect. If you speak a different language, or dialect, than a fief you own, this makes that fief less likely to be loyal.

Freedom is the degree of legal autonomy the inhabitants of the fief have. In HYW it mainly influences the ease with which the overlord can squeeze the fief with high taxes. The numbers mean:

1 - don't try it
2 - you're probably safe
3 - squeeze away.

The Freedom feature has not been implemented yet.

Status indicates the mood of the people. "Calm" means everything is OK. "Unrest" means their loyalty is low and rebellions are possible. A fief in Unrest reduces your income from this fief. "Rebellion" means you have lost all control of and income from this fief. You have to raise and army and go quell the rebellion before you can resume control. Loyalty will still be low after the rebellion is quelled and you will have to build it up again through careful management.